1249 CE: John Balliol, King of Scotland, is born.

1291 CE: A great court is arranged by Edward I of England at Berwick to decide the next king of Scotland: the Great Cause.

1292 CE - 1296 CE: Reign of John Balliol, king of Scotland.

1292 CE: Edward I of England selects John Balliol as the new king of Scotland.

1292 CE: The coronation of John Balliol, King of Scotland. He is the last medieval king to be inaugurated with the Stone of Scone a part of the ceremony.

1295 CE: Scotland formally allies itself with France against England, the beginning of the 'Auld Alliance'.

1296 CE - 1299 CE: John Balliol, King of Scotland, is imprisoned in the Tower of London by Edward I of England.

1296 CE: John Balliol, King of Scotland, renounces his fealty to Edward I of England.

1296 CE: John Balliol, king of Scotland, surrenders to an English army after defeat at the Battle of Dunbar. Edward I of England removes the Stone of Scone to Westminster Abbey.

1296 CE: John Balliol, King of Scotland, is publicly stripped of his crown and royal insignia.

1297 CE: A Scottish army led by William Wallace defeats an English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge.

1306 CE: Robert the Bruce declares himself king of Scotland.