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750 BCE: Phoenicians found the colony of Motya on Sicily.
734 BCE: Chalcis founds the colony of Naxos on Sicily.
733 BCE: Corinth founds the colony of Syracuse in Sicily.
720 BCE: Chalcis founds the colony of Rhegium in Sicily.
689 BCE: Rhodes and Cretans found Gela in Sicily.
630 BCE: Messana founds the colony of Himera on Sicily.
630 BCE: Selinus is founded by colonists from Megara Hyblaea, Sicily.
580 BCE - 376 BCE: Carthage and Greece fight for dominance in Sicily.
580 BCE - 576 BCE: War between the Sicilian city-states of Segesta and Selinus.
580 BCE - 560 BCE: The main temple of the acropolis, Temple C, was built at Selinus.
580 BCE: Agrigento in Sicily is founded by colonists from Gela, Crete and Rhodes.
570 BCE - 549 BCE: The tyrant Phalaris rules Agrigento, expanding its territory.
491 BCE - 478 BCE: Gelon is tyrant of Syracuse.
491 BCE - 478 BCE: Reign of Gelon, tyrant of Gela on Sicily.
489 BCE - 473 BCE: The tyrant Theron rules Agrigento.
480 BCE: Tyrant of Syracuse Gelon defeats the Carthaginians at the battle of Himera.
480 BCE: Agrigento defeats Carthage at the battle of Himera.
480 BCE: The huge temple of Zeus is built at Agrigento.
478 BCE - 467 BCE: Hiero I is tyrant of Syracuse.
458 BCE: A treaty of cooperation is signed between the Sicilian city-state of Segesta and Athens.
450 BCE - 430 BCE: The Temple of Concordia is built at Agrigento.
416 BCE: War breaks out again between rival Sicilian city-states Segesta and Selinus.
415 BCE - 413 BCE: Athenian expedition to attack Syracuse.
415 BCE: Athens launches an expedition against Sicily, the pretext being protection of Segesta.
415 BCE: Alcibiades persuades the Athenian assembly to send a military expedition to Sicily.
413 BCE: The Athenian expedition in Sicily ends in disastrous defeat and the Athenian generals Nicias and Demosthenes are executed.
413 BCE: Agrigento remains neutral in the war between Athens and Syracuse.
406 BCE: A Carthaginian army sacks Gela on Sicily.
406 BCE: Agrigento is attacked and destroyed by Carthage.
405 BCE: Dionysius becomes tyrant in Syracuse, Sicily.
398 BCE - 380 BCE: Plato travels in Egypt, Cyrene, Italy, Syracuse and Sicily.
396 BCE: The Carthaginian city of Lilybaeum is founded on Sicily.
367 BCE: Dionysius II becomes tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily.
356 BCE: Dion becomes tyrant of Syracuse.
346 BCE: Dionysius II is once again tyrant of Syracuse.
344 BCE: Timoleon defeats Dionysius II of Syracuse and establishes an oligarchy government.
341 BCE: Timoleon defeats a Carthaginian army at the battle of Crimisus in Sicily.
339 BCE: Gela on Sicily is rebuilt by the Corinthian general Timoleon.
338 BCE: Timoleon agrees a peace treaty with Carthage over their control of Sicily.
317 BCE: Agathocles takes power in Syracuse.
311 BCE: A Carthaginian army defeats Agathocles of Syracuse near Gela, Sicily.
309 BCE: Syracuse defeats a Carthaginian army in Sicily and kills their general Hamilcar.
306 BCE: Agathocles declares himself king of Syracuse.
306 BCE: Carthage and Agathocles of Syracuse sign a peace treaty and divide Sicily between them.
289 BCE: Agathocles of Syracuse dies from poison or illness.
288 BCE: Hicetus becomes tyrant of Syracuse.
282 BCE: Gela, on Sicily, is destroyed by Phintias, the tyrant of Agrigento.
270 BCE - 215 BCE: Hiero II is tyrant of Syracuse.
264 BCE: The Mamertines at Messana on Sicily call for Carthaginian and then Roman help in defence against Syracuse, sparking the First Punic War.
264 BCE - 241 BCE: First Punic War. Carthage cedes Sicily to Rome.
263 BCE: Segesta joins the Roman cause in the First Punic War.
262 BCE: Rome besieges and sacks Agrigento on Sicily in one of the first actions of the First Punic War.
254 BCE: Romans capture Palermo during the First Punic War.
250 BCE: Selinus on Sicily is abandoned.
250 BCE: A Carthaginian army led by Hasdrubal is defeated by Roman consul Metellus near Palermo in the First Punic War.
247 BCE: Hamilcar Barca raids southern Italy and then lands on Sicily during the First Punic War.
244 BCE: Hamilcar Barca captures Eryx on Sicily during the First Punic War.
213 BCE - 212 BCE: Roman commander Marcus Claudius Marcellus lays seige to and ultimately sacks Syracuse.
212 BCE: A Carthaginian army is defeated in Sicily by a Roman army led by Marcellus. Syracuse falls to Rome who now control the island.
210 BCE: Rome attacks Agrigento.
201 BCE: Syracuse joins the Roman Republic, province of Sicily is formed.
189 CE: Septimius Severus is proconsul of Sicily. Birth of Geta, his second son.
535 CE: Belisarius conquers Sicily and Naples.
1035 CE: The Emir of Sicily, Ahmad al-Akhal, makes a treaty with the Byzantines rendering Sicily a virtual protectorate.
1038 CE: Byzantine forces under George Maniakes invade Muslim Sicily.